王侠会长在2013全球汽车精英论坛发表演讲

网易汽车综合1月21日报道 贸促会汽车行业分会会长王侠在2013全球汽车精英论坛做主题演讲。

一、中国国际贸易促进委员会汽车行业委员会

1. China Council for the Promotion of International Trade Automotive Committee

中国贸促会是中国最大的民间贸易促进机构。中国国际贸易促进委员会汽车行业分会成立于一九八八年六月，成立二十年来一直在汽车行业范围内开展促进中国汽车行业对外经济贸易合作、技术交流以及引进国外先进技术的活动，为中国汽车行业企业搭建与世界同行业合作交往的桥梁。

China Council for the Promotion of International Trade is the largest nongovernmental trade promotion organization in China. Since its inception in June, 1988, CCPIT Automotive Committee has been committed to the promotion of foreign trade and economic cooperation, technological exchange and introduction of advanced foreign technologies for the Chinese auto industry over the past 20 years and more. It also serves as a bridge for the Chinese auto industry and enterprises to contact and cooperate with their counterparts worldwide.

汽车贸促会坚持平台战略，打造的北京、上海、广州车展，总展出面积达70万平米，总的参观人数超过2百万，作为行业的产品展示平台，目前已经成为全球体量最为庞大的车展群；三年前创立的全球汽车论坛作为行业的思想交流平台，已经发展成为中国最优、知名的行业顶级会议；同清华大学联合成立了清华大学汽车工程技术研究院，为中国汽车技术进步发挥着孵化器的作用。汽车贸促会将秉承促进中外经贸合作与交流的宗旨，为中国汽车国际化发展发挥桥梁和纽带作用。

By maintaining the platform strategy, CCPIT Automotive Committee has organized the world largest cluster of auto show as the platform for product display, which consists of Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou auto shows with a total exhibition area of 700,000 m² and over 2 million visitors. The Global Automotive Forum, which was founded 3 years ago as a channel for exchanging industry related ideas, has grown into the most prominent top-level event in the Chinese auto sector. The committee also co-established Tsinghua Institute for Automotive Technology with Tsinghua University as an incubator for the advancement of Chinese auto technology. It will pursue the fundamental principle of promoting China’s foreign trade and economic cooperation and act as a bridge and bond for the internationalization of the Chinese auto industry.

二、中国汽车市场发展现状

2. The present situation of the development of the Chinese auto industry

从2001年 12月 11 日中国正式加入世界贸易组织到2011 年，是中国汽车产业高速发展的“黄金十年”，创造了世界汽车发展史上的奇迹，中国一举成为世界最大的汽车生产国和新车销售国。

From December 11th, 2001 when China officially joined the WTO to 2011, the Chinese automotive industry had experienced a decade-long explosive development. During this golden age, China rose as the world’s largest automaker and new vehicle seller thus created a miracle in the history of the global auto industry.

加入WTO 以来中国汽车工业快速发展，已形成完整的产业体系，在拉动国民经济增长、增加就业及拉动内需等方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。2010~2011 年，中国汽车产销规模连续两年超过 1 800万辆，产销量继续维持世界首位。预计未来较长一段时期，中国都将保持汽车产销大国地位。2011 年，中国汽车行业规模以上企业实现工业总产值4.99万亿元人民币，同比增长 16.8%，累计完成销售产值4.92万亿元人民币，同比增长 16.7%，均高于宏观经济增长速度，巩固了其在国民经济中支柱产业的地位。与此同时，汽车产品结构调整取得进展。在私人消费的带动下，乘用车所占比例提升至2011 年的78.2%。主要汽车企业集团的产销规模不断扩大，2012年1-11月，汽车销量排名前十位的生产企业依次为：上汽、东风、一汽、长安、北汽、广汽、华晨、长城、奇瑞和江淮，分别销售411.31万辆、280.25万辆、241.39万辆、176.25万辆、152.17万辆、63.93万辆、57.31万辆、55.70万辆、50.42万辆和44.41万辆。1-11月，上述十家企业共销售1533.14万辆，占汽车销售总量的87.64%，前 3家集团生产集中度超过50%。

Since China’s entry into the WTO, its automotive industry has undergone fast development, represented by a well-developed industrial system which plays an increasingly important role in boosting national economy, employment and domestic demand. Between 2010 and 2011, annual production and sales combined exceeded 18 million in two consecutive years, remaining as the world’s top producer and seller. It is also anticipated that China will still hold that position for a long time in the future. In 2011 alone, the gross industrial and sales output value generated by large-scale Chinese automakers came to ¥4.99 trillion and ¥4.92 trillion respectively, representing a year-on-year growth of 16.8% and 16.7%. Both growth rates were higher than that of the national economy and cemented the role of this industry in the national economy as a pillar industry. Meanwhile, the restructuring of product mix made great progress, as the percentage of passenger vehicles rose to 78.2% in 2011 driven by the booming private consumption. Production and sales of major automotive groups kept expanding. Statistics showed that from January to November 2012, the top 10 Chinese automakers in terms of sales volume were SAIC, Dongfeng, FAW, Chang’an, BAIC, GAIG, Brilliance, Great Wall, Chery and JAC, which sold 4.1131 million, 2.8025 million, 2.4139 million, 1.7625 million, 1.5217 million, 639.3 thousand, 573.1 thousand, 557 thousand, 504.2 thousand and 444.1 thousand vehicles respectively. In the same period, sales volume of these automakers totaled 15.3314 million vehicles, representing 87.64% of the national total. The top three automakers alone, i.e. SAIC, Dongfeng and FAW, totaled over 50% of the total production volume in China.

经过政府和行业的共同努力，国内汽车服务体系的竞争力有了很大提升，现代化的汽车服务体系初步形成。品牌销售已经成为国内企业的主流销售模式，对改善企业和产品形象、保护消费者利益及促进销售发挥了重要作用。

Due to the joint effort of the government and the automotive industry, the domestic automotive service system has experienced a major enhancement in competitiveness. A modernized automobile service system is taking shape. Meanwhile, adopted by the domestic dealers as the mainstream model, brand marketing has played a major role in improving corporate and product image, sales volume and protecting consumer benefit.

“入世”十年以来，国内汽车市场快速增长导致汽车保有量迅速增加，已由 2001 年的 1 802万辆增长至2011 年的9350万辆，千人汽车保有量也由 14辆提高至69辆。2010年国内百户家庭拥有量超过 13.7辆，是2002年的5.3倍，北京、天津、浙江的百户家庭汽车拥有量分别达到46.5辆、27.1辆和20.8辆，广东、河北、山东等省市的百户家庭拥有量也即将达到20辆。中国已进入汽车社会。汽车普及推动了城市发展及城乡一体化、改变了人们的生活方式、提高了效率。

The rapid growth of the domestic automotive market since China’s entry into the WTO a decade ago has been so great that private vehicle population is also soaring. The number increased from 18.02 million in 2001 to 93.5 million in 2011, and the number of private vehicles owned by per thousand people also increased from 14 to 69. In 2010, the number of vehicles owned by per hundred Chinese households exceeded 13.7, equal to 5.3 times the number in 2002. The number of vehicles owned by per hundred households in Beijing, Tianjin and Zhejiang reached 46.5, 27.1 and 20.8 respectively, and the number of vehicles owned by per hundred households in Guangdong, Hebei and Shandong are expected to reach 20. All these statistics point to the fact that China has entered an automotive society and that the popularization of automobiles are propelling urban development and the integration between urban & rural areas, transforming our lifestyle and improving efficiency.

三、中国汽车出口现状

3. The present situation of the Chinese automotive export

“入世”以后，中国汽车出口开始加速，2003 年4.3 万辆，2005 年17.3万辆，首次超过进口量。2011年，中国汽车整车出口创国际金融危机以来最高增幅，出口总量同比增长49.99%，达到85万辆，出口总额同比增长约56.82%，超过100亿美元，相比2001年增长了53.33倍，持续10年以平均增长近50%的增速书写中国汽车出口发展的未来。2012年1-11月，汽车出口已经达到93万辆，整车54万辆，全年完成出口100万辆已成定局，实现20%以上的增长。2012年1-11月，中国汽车零件、附件共出口305亿美元，比去年同期增加13%， 其中最大的目的地国家是美国、日本、韩国、俄罗斯和德国，出口额分别是88亿、46亿、21亿、11亿、11亿。

China’s automotive export began accelerating after the entry into the WTO. In 2003, 43,000 vehicles were exported; and in 2005, the number rose to 173,000, the first time that automobile export volume exceeded that of the import. Whole vehicle export volume reached the peak in 2011 since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, totaling 850,000 vehicles with a 49.99% year-on-year increase. In 2011, export volume exceeded $10 billion, up by 56.82%, and was 53.33 times the figure in 2001. An annual average growth rate of nearly 50% in 10 consecutive years has written a brilliant future for the development of China’s automotive export. From January to November 2012, export reached 930,000 vehicles, including 540,000 whole vehicles. The annual export target of 1 million vehicles is now a settled fact, coupled with a year-on-year growth rate of  over 20%. In the same period, export sales in parts and accessories totaled $30.5 billion, up by 13%. The biggest export destinations were the U.S., Japan, South Korea, Russia and Germany, contributing $8.8 billion, $4.6 billion, $2.1 billion, $1.1 billion and $1.1 billion respectively in China’s export volume.

总结中国汽车出口情况，主要具有以下特征：特征一：出口总量高速增长，出口量、出口值、出口占比皆创历史新高。2012年出口占比也首次达到5%，比2011年提高了1个百分点。特征二：出口结构更加合理，出口车型、市场布局和出口主体呈现优化趋势。轿车出口增长最快，同比增幅为25%；国际出口市场布局更加广泛，已出口至世界上190个国家和地区，在传统市场上的出口发展趋势良好；出口主体仍以民营自主品牌企业为主。特征三：出口质量逐步提升，出口价格、品牌认知度有所提高，销售网络逐渐扩大，贸易方式进一步多样化。越来越多的企业在海外建立组装厂，企业以成套散件方式出口的数量越来越多，出口贸易方式进一步改善。

To sum up, China’s automotive export sector has primarily the following characteristics: 1) Export volume, export value and proportion of export all hit record highs with the steep rise in export growth. The proportion of export in the national economy rose to 5% in 2012 for the first time, 1% higher than that in 2011. 2) The export structure is also improving, with the optimization in vehicle model, market layout and exporter diversity. The export of sedan is the fastest-growing sector with a 25% annual growth. The export market has expanded to 190 countries and regions in the world. Meanwhile, export to the traditional market develops in a steady manner. Most of the exporters are still private automakers with self-owned brands. 3) Export quality is improving, export price and brand awareness are increasing, sales networks are expanding and trade models are diversifying. An increasing number of Chinese automakers are investing in overseas assembly plants. Also, export models are further improving, represented by a rise in the export of complete sets of parts and components.

然而，中国作为世界第一大汽车产销国，其百万辆的年汽车出口量与近2000万辆级的国内销量对照占比太小，与发达国家如日本的年出口汽车600万辆以上相比更是显得微不足道。不仅如此，在中国汽车出口中还暴露出许多问题，存在很多不足，主要表现在：

Still, an annual export of barely one million vehicles is a sharp contrast to a sales volume of nearly 20 million at home, as far as our place as the world’s No.1 producer and seller is concerned. Our export is greatly eclipsed when compared with that of developed countries, e.g. Japan (annual export: over 6 million). In the meantime, there are many problems and deficiencies with our automotive export sector, including but not limited to the following:

（1）受到自主创新能力偏弱，技术水平不高等因素的限制，不仅难以逾越发达国家排放、安全、技术等的高壁垒，使汽车出口主要集中在发展中国家的低端消费市场，而且由于产品质量不够稳定，也难以占稳发展中国家市场。

(1) Concentration of export on primarily low-end markets in developing countries. This problem is attributable to very few innovation and hi-tech elements and insurmountable emissions, safety and technological barriers set by developed countries. Quality inconsistency is another obstacle to maintaining a strong foothold in the markets of developing countries.

（2）中国品牌汽车出口市场的认知度偏低，主要依靠低价策略进行竞争，价格低、利润薄、质量低，海外市场的售后服务网络不完善，反过来又不利于树立品牌的良好形象，易于形成低端依赖。

(2) Failure to evoke strong brand awareness in the export market. Most Chinese auto brands depend solely on a low price, low profit and low quality strategy for competition. They have only underdeveloped after-sales service networks overseas, which in turn become adverse to the creation of a good brand image and are liable to aggravating the dependence on low-end markets.

（3）汽车出口组织仍然分散，出口企业实力参差不齐，数量众多，在国际市场的无序竞争、自相残杀现象时有发生，造成了出口秩序的混乱。

(3) Loosely associated exporter federations. There are too many exporters, which vary widely in financial and technological strength. The occasional unregulated competition among Chinese automakers in the international market often leads to chaos.

（4）国际贸易环境更加复杂，中国汽车产业的整体应对能力有限。不仅发达国家高筑汽车贸易的技术壁垒，受短期大量中国汽车进口的冲击，巴西等一些发展中国家，也颁布了明显针对中国的汽车工业产品新税政策，致使中国出口汽车在当地销售价格上涨，竞争力下降。另外，人民币汇率不断上涨，以及针对中国汽车产品的反倾销、反补贴和特保调查等贸易摩擦不断加剧，也对中国汽车出口的持续增长产生巨大的制约。

(4) A complicated international trade context which challenges the limited capabilities of the Chinese automotive industry as a whole. Formidable technological barriers set by developed countries have wreaked havoc on our export. Some developing countries, including Brazil, are also issuing new import duty policies targeted evidently at Chinese automotive products, since massive Chinese imports impact heavily on the local automakers in the short term. These policies lead to price hikes and less competitiveness of Chinese exports on local markets. Besides, tremendous restriction on sustained export growth also comes from a climbing RMB rate and aggravating trade frictions arising from anti-dumping, countervailing measures and investigation on special safeguard measures targeted at Chinese automotive products.

四、中美合作共赢前景广阔

4. Broad prospect for a win-win Sino-US cooperation

中美两国关系是当今世界上最重要的双边关系，中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，美国是世界上最大的发达国家。两国1979年建交以来，经贸关系迅速发展，交流领域不断扩大，合作内涵日益丰富，相互依存继续加深。

The Sino-US relations are the most important bilateral relations in the world today, as China is the world largest developing country and U.S. the largest developed one. Since the establishment of diplomatic ties between the two countries in 1979, the bilateral economic and trade relations have grown rapidly. With expanding exchange and enriching cooperation, China and U.S. are becoming more and more interdependent with each other.

2012年，中美经贸关系保持稳定的发展势头。今年的双边贸易额接近5000亿美元的历史高点，美国成为中国最大的出口市场。高层会晤和经贸对话为双边经贸合作奠定了基础，第四轮中美战略与经济对话和第23届中美商贸联委会分别于5月、12月成功举行，双方就关心的问题进行广泛讨论，达成多项共识。这些都极大地增强了两国工商界对中美经贸关系进一步紧密合作和发展的信心。

In 2012, bilateral trade relations have maintained a momentum of steady growth with bilateral trade volume approaching a record high of $500 billion this year. U.S. is China’s largest export market now. High-level meetings and economic and trade dialogues have laid a good foundation for bilateral cooperation in this front. The fourth round of China-US Strategic and Economic Dialogue and the 23rd China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade (JCCT) had been held in May and December respectively through which both sides had extensive discussions over issues of major concerns and reached multiple consensuses. These achievements have greatly strengthened the confidence of Chinese and American business circles in closer cooperation for the development of bilateral economic and trade relations.

据中国海关统计， 2012年1-11月，中美贸易额达到4386亿美元，同比上升8.2%。其中，中国自美进口1192亿美元，同比上升8.1%；出口3194亿美元，同比上升8.2%。中方顺差2003亿美元，同比上升8.3%。美国仍然是中国外资最大的来源地之一。2012 年 1-11月，中国新批设立美资企业1180家，同比下降8.9% ；实际使用外资金额24亿美元，同比增长 11.6%。截至 2012 年11 月底，美对华实际投资达到700亿美元。同时，中国对美投资继续呈增长趋势，前11个月在美非金融类直接投资11亿美元。截至2012年11月底，中国企业在美累计非金融类投资86亿美元，投资范围广泛，涉及诸多领域。到目前为止，中国汽车行业共有115家企业到美国投资，投资金额已超过3亿美元。

According to the statistics from China Customs, from Jan. to Nov. 2012, the trade volume between China and U.S. hit $438.6 billion, up by 8.2%, in which China’s import from U.S. totaled $119.2 billion, up by 8.1% and China’s export to U.S. grew to $319.4 billion, up by 8.2%. China’s export trade surplus reached $200.3 billion, up by 8.3%. U.S. remains as one of China’s largest sources of foreign investment. During the same period, China had newly approved 1180 US-funded enterprises, down by 8.9%. Actually utilized foreign investment was worth $2.4 billion, a year-on-year increase of 11.6%. By the end of Nov. 2012, the actual investment in China from U.S. amounted to $70 billion. Meanwhile, China’s investment in U.S. continued to grow with non-financial direct investment reaching $1.1 billion in the first eleven months in 2012. Also by the end of Nov. 2012, the non-financial investment in U.S. by the Chinese enterprises accumulated to $8.6 billion in various areas. Up to now, there are 115 enterprises from the Chinese auto industry investing in U.S. with a total value of over $300 million.

2012年，在美国经济复苏迟缓以及大选背景下，涉华经贸摩擦和矛盾增多。美国将中国汽车“双反”措施、汽车零部件补贴问题诉诸世贸组织。历史和实践都证明，贸易保护主义不利于全球经济复苏。中美关系的主旋律是合作，中美经贸关系的本质是互利共赢。我们相信，两国有识之士一定能从长远和战略眼光看待两国关系，反对贸易保护主义，共同推动中美关系健康发展。

In 2012, U.S. experienced a slow economic recovery and the presidential election. In such context, its economic and trade frictions and conflicts with China was on a rise. U.S. filed complaints to the World Trade Organization (WTO) against China over its anti-dumping and countervailing duties on US-made autos and unfair subsidies for China's auto and auto parts industries. As history and practices have proven, trade protectionism may impede the global economic recovery. Cooperation remains the theme of Sino-US relations and the very nature of bilateral economic and trade ties is to achieve mutual benefit and a win-win result. We firmly believe that people of vision from both countries are sure to observe the bilateral ties from a long-term and strategic view and fight against trade protectionism in a bid to promote the steady growth of China-US relations.

五、目前中国汽车发展的政策氛围

5. The current policy environment for the development of the Chinese auto industry

1)坚持扩大内需战略，在鼓励汽车消费的同时更要引导节约使用。积极支持农村汽车市场发展，不断改善汽车消费环境，并以经济手段为主、行政手段为辅，鼓励私人购车、引导节约用车。

1) To stick to the strategy of expanding domestic demand by encouraging automobile consumption while offering guidance to the economical use of vehicles. To support the growth of rural automobile market and continue to improve the auto consumption environment. Economic means should play a leading role in encouraging private auto consumption and the economical use of vehicles while supported by administrative ones.

2)大力发展汽车产业尤其是新能源汽车产业，实现汽车产业与相关产业相互支撑。

2) To achieve mutual support between the auto and its related industries by developing the auto industry and the new energy auto industry in particular.

3)将交通战略与运输规划纳入城市规划，实现城市发展与城市交通协调发展。

3) To incorporate the transportation strategy and transport planning into urban planning and coordinate the development between urban area and urban transportation.

4)落实国务院节能减排战略，加强汽车节能管理制度建设。

4) To implement the strategy of energy saving and emission reduction set by the State Council and enhance the management system of energy saving of vehicles.

5)采取综合措施提高环保水平，减少机动车尾气污染。

5) To adopt comprehensive measures to improve the capacity for environmental protection and reduce the pollution caused by vehicle exhaust.

6)培育健康的汽车文化，实现人、车、社会协调发展。汽车社会也应以人为本，形成合理的行为规范以及健康的汽车文化。

6) To foster a good auto culture for a coordinated development among people, vehicles and the society. An auto society should also put people first and create rational code of conduct and a good auto culture.

当前，中国正处于工业化、城镇化加速期，市场需求的爆发力正逐渐显现，为外资企业带来了新的发展机遇。“十二五”期间，中国利用外资将从引进资金为主，转向更加注重引进先进技术、管理经验、适用人才和国际品牌，推动转变经济发展方式和调整经济结构，这一进程将释放出巨大的投资需求和消费需求，一些经济学家分析，未来五年中国进口可能要超过10万亿美元，这将会为包括美国在内的各国企业前往中国贸易与投资，提供难得的机遇。欢迎美国商界有更多的有识之士，前往中国投资。欢迎两国汽车行业同仁加强交流、务实合作，共同推进行业进步。

At present, China is in the acceleration period of industrialization and urbanization. The explosive power of market demand is looming larger, bringing new development opportunities for foreign-funded enterprises. During the 12th Five-Year Plan period, China will shift its priority on utilizing foreign investment from introducing foreign capital to advanced technology, managerial experience, the right talent and international brands as well was transform the economic development mode and restruct the economy. Huge demand for investment and consumption will be released during this process. According some economists’ analysis, China’s import volume is likely to exceed $10 billion in the next five years. It will provide rare opportunities for foreign enterprises including those from U.S. to do business and invest in China. We welcome more visionary people from the American business circle to invest in China. And we look forward to promoting the advancement in the auto sector through enhanced exchange and pragmatic cooperation between the two sides.